Identity and search names
- Common name
- Neon tetra
- Scientific name
- Paracheirodon innesi
- Other names
- Neon tetra, Neon, Paracheirodon innesi
- Category
- Freshwater fish
- Group
- Tetras and characins
- Origin
- Blackwater and clearwater tributaries of the upper Amazon basin in Peru, Colombia and Brazil
- Review outcome
- PASSED
Environment and housing
- Environment
- Freshwater
- Care level
- Beginner to intermediate
- Adult size
- Usually 3–4 cm total length
- Expected lifespan
- About 4–8 years
- Minimum housing
- At least 90 L with a 75 cm or longer swimming length for a school of 12 or more
- Temperature
- 21–26 °C; avoid chronic excessive warmth
- pH
- 5.0–7.5
- Hardness or minerals
- Soft to moderately hard
- Salinity
- Freshwater
- Lighting
- Subdued to moderate with shaded planted cover
- Social structure
- Keep at least 12; larger schools are more secure and display naturally
- Placement or swimming zone
- Middle water
- Temperament
- Peaceful schooling fish
- Compatibility
- Use peaceful similarly sized fish that will not swallow, intimidate or outcompete the school
- Habitat structure
- Mature stable aquarium with dark substrate, shaded cover, open mid-water schooling room and clean oxygenated water
Feeding and nutrition
- Diet
- Tiny insects, crustaceans, zooplankton and fine omnivore prepared foods
- Feeding frequency
- Feed small varied portions once or twice daily and ensure all fish can take appropriately sized food
Breeding and reproduction
- Breeding or reproduction
- Condition adults and use very soft acidic water with fine spawning media in a separate dim setup. Remove adults because eggs and fry receive no care and are light-sensitive
- Parental care
- No parental care; adults may consume eggs and fry
System demands
- Filtration
- Use mature biological filtration sized for the full adult group and feeding load, with intake protection where juveniles, long fins or small fish are present. Provide steady turnover without preventing normal swimming or resting.
- Aeration
- Maintain strong surface gas exchange and stable dissolved oxygen. Increase aeration during warm weather, medication, transport recovery, breeding crowding or any ammonia or nitrite event.
- Maintenance
- Test ammonia, nitrite and nitrate, remove waste from feeding and shelter zones, and perform regular temperature- and chemistry-matched water changes before nitrate or dissolved organics accumulate.
Detailed husbandry
- Identity scope
- This profile applies to Paracheirodon innesi. It must not be confused with the warmer-water cardinal tetra P. axelrodi or green neon tetra P. simulans.
- Adult size and space
- Usually 3–4 cm total length. At least 90 L with a 75 cm or longer swimming length for a school of 12 or more. Plan around adult dimensions, activity, social structure, aggression and waste production rather than sale size.
- Social structure
- Keep at least 12; larger schools are more secure and display naturally
- Placement or swimming zone
- Primary zone: Middle water. Keep that zone usable for movement, feeding and refuge.
- Feeding ecology
- Tiny insects, crustaceans, zooplankton and fine omnivore prepared foods
- Feeding plan
- Feed small varied portions once or twice daily and ensure all fish can take appropriately sized food
- Water stability
- Maintain 21–26 °C; avoid chronic excessive warmth; pH 5.0–7.5; hardness/minerals: Soft to moderately hard. Stable oxygenation and nitrogen-cycle control matter more than chasing one exact number.
- Adult projected load
- Plan capacity for Keep at least 12; larger schools are more secure and display naturally at the documented adult size (Usually 3–4 cm total length) in At least 90 L with a 75 cm or longer swimming length for a school of 12 or more. Include feeding intensity, territorial behaviour and breeding growth rather than counting sale-size juveniles.
- Filtration
- Use mature biological filtration sized for the full adult group and feeding load, with intake protection where juveniles, long fins or small fish are present. Provide steady turnover without preventing normal swimming or resting.
- Aeration
- Maintain strong surface gas exchange and stable dissolved oxygen. Increase aeration during warm weather, medication, transport recovery, breeding crowding or any ammonia or nitrite event.
- Maintenance
- Test ammonia, nitrite and nitrate, remove waste from feeding and shelter zones, and perform regular temperature- and chemistry-matched water changes before nitrate or dissolved organics accumulate.
- Habitat structure
- Mature stable aquarium with dark substrate, shaded cover, open mid-water schooling room and clean oxygenated water
- Compatibility plan
- Use peaceful similarly sized fish that will not swallow, intimidate or outcompete the school
- Breeding plan
- Condition adults and use very soft acidic water with fine spawning media in a separate dim setup. Remove adults because eggs and fry receive no care and are light-sensitive Parental care: No parental care; adults may consume eggs and fry.
- Quarantine
- Quarantine new fish in a separate cycled aquarium with dedicated equipment. Match temperature and mineral chemistry gradually, confirm feeding and normal respiration, and never add transport water to the established aquarium.
- Welfare checks
- Maintain the stated adult space and social structure, verify feeding and intervene early when injury, exclusion, weight loss, abnormal respiration or altered behaviour appears. Do not diagnose “neon tetra disease” from colour loss or wasting alone. Similar signs can have different causes, so isolate affected fish and seek proper diagnostic advice.
- Biosecurity and release
- Never release fish, fry, eggs, aquarium water, sediment, plants or live foods into drains, dams or natural waterways. Confirm current Australian import conditions and South Australian possession, trade and movement rules before acquisition or transfer.
- Main risk
- Do not diagnose “neon tetra disease” from colour loss or wasting alone. Similar signs can have different causes, so isolate affected fish and seek proper diagnostic advice.
- Overridable warnings
- Do not diagnose “neon tetra disease” from colour loss or wasting alone. Similar signs can have different causes, so isolate affected fish and seek proper diagnostic advice. Any override must still preserve adult space, social welfare, stable chemistry, oxygen and filter capacity.
Welfare and risk
- Welfare checks
- Maintain the stated adult space and social structure, verify feeding and intervene early when injury, exclusion, weight loss, abnormal respiration or altered behaviour appears. Do not diagnose “neon tetra disease” from colour loss or wasting alone. Similar signs can have different causes, so isolate affected fish and seek proper diagnostic advice.
- Main warning
- Do not diagnose “neon tetra disease” from colour loss or wasting alone. Similar signs can have different causes, so isolate affected fish and seek proper diagnostic advice.
- Biosecurity
- Never release fish, fry, eggs, aquarium water, sediment, plants or live foods into drains, dams or natural waterways. Confirm current Australian import conditions and South Australian possession, trade and movement rules before acquisition or transfer.
Sources
Source note
Current identity or scope, husbandry, system-demand, welfare and Australian biosecurity evidence checked; active retired-source links removed; all AquaNexus wording is original.
- Eschmeyer’s Catalog of Fishes — Paracheirodon innesi — Current accepted-name, synonym, family and habitat check
- Eschmeyer’s Catalog of Fishes — Paracheirodon innesi — Accepted-name, synonym and taxonomic-placement cross-check
- Journal of Fish Diseases — columnaris mimicking neon tetra disease — Disease differential, clinical-sign caution and diagnostic cross-check
- IUCN Red List search — Paracheirodon innesi — Conservation-status and wild-provenance cross-check
- PIRSA — South Australian noxious fish list — Current South Australian possession and trade restriction cross-check
- DAFF — importing live ornamental fish to Australia — Current Australian live-fish import pathway and permitted-species warning
