- Common name
- Asian bumblebee catfish
- Scientific name
- Pseudomystus siamensis
- Category
- Freshwater fish
- Group
- Other catfish
- Environment
- Tropical freshwater aquarium
- Origin
- Chao Phraya, Mekong and Mae Klong basins, plus peninsular and southeastern Thailand river systems
- Care level
- Intermediate
- Adult size
- Up to 18 cm total length
- Expected lifespan
- Multi-year catfish; plan for approximately 8–10 years, with longer survival possible under stable adult care.
- Minimum housing
- At least 240 L with a broad bottom footprint, several separated shaded caves and secure cover
- Temperature
- 20–26 °C
- pH
- 6.0–8.0
- Hardness / minerals
- 4–25 °dGH (approximately 72–448 mg/L as CaCO₃)
- Salinity
- Freshwater; no routine salt addition
- Lighting
- Subdued to moderate lighting with dark daytime refuges
- Placement / zone
- Bottom and lower water
- Filtration
- Use mature biological filtration sized for the complete adult asian bumblebee catfish group, with guarded intakes and accessible mechanical capture. Keep flow gentle to moderate with shaded caves where the fish lives, and maintain undetectable ammonia and nitrite.
- Aeration
- Maintain reliable surface agitation and oxygen exchange at all times. Increase aeration during warm weather, medication, transport recovery, heavy feeding or any sign of rapid breathing.
- Maintenance
- Perform regular matched-water changes guided by nitrate and waste, remove uneaten food and trapped detritus, clean mechanical media without disrupting the biofilter, and record feeding, body condition, respiration and aggression.
Identity and search names
Single-profile scope for Pseudomystus siamensis. Preserve permanent AquaNexus ID 50, slug bumblebee-catfish and route /species/bumblebee-catfish/; retain former combinations, locality labels, domestic-form names and trade names only as searchable aliases.
Search names: Siamese bumblebee catfish, Leiocassis siamensis
Environment and housing
Smooth substrate, wood or rock caves, shaded refuge, guarded intakes and oxygenated water
Social structure: Species-specific and incompletely documented; keep singly or provide several separated caves in a large monitored setup
Feeding and nutrition
Feeding ecology: Predatory insectivore/carnivore; aquatic insect larvae are documented, supplemented in captivity with varied sinking invertebrate-based foods
Feeding routine: Feed measured sinking foods after lights dim and verify the fish emerges and eats
Breeding, reproduction or spread
Hormone-induced spawning and stripped aquaculture production have been documented, but this is not a safe or routine home-aquarium method; dependable natural captive spawning remains unestablished
Detailed care and app-ready planning
- Identity scope
- Single-profile scope for Pseudomystus siamensis. Preserve permanent AquaNexus ID 50, slug bumblebee-catfish and route /species/bumblebee-catfish/; retain former combinations, locality labels, domestic-form names and trade names only as searchable aliases.
- Adult size and space
- Expected adult size: Up to 18 cm total length. Minimum permanent housing: At least 240 L with a broad bottom footprint, several separated shaded caves and secure cover. Plan around adult dimensions, activity, social structure, aggression, oxygen demand and waste production rather than sale size.
- Social structure
- Species-specific and incompletely documented; keep singly or provide several separated caves in a large monitored setup
- Swimming zone or placement
- Primary zone: Bottom and lower water. Keep that zone usable for movement, feeding, refuge and escape.
- Feeding ecology
- Predatory insectivore/carnivore; aquatic insect larvae are documented, supplemented in captivity with varied sinking invertebrate-based foods
- Feeding plan
- Feed measured sinking foods after lights dim and verify the fish emerges and eats
- Water stability
- Maintain 20–26 °C; pH 6.0–8.0; hardness or minerals: 4–25 °dGH (approximately 72–448 mg/L as CaCO₃); salinity: Freshwater; no routine salt addition. Stability, oxygenation and nitrogen-cycle control matter more than chasing one exact value.
- Habitat structure
- Smooth substrate, wood or rock caves, shaded refuge, guarded intakes and oxygenated water
- Compatibility plan
- Use robust fish too large to swallow and ensure they do not monopolise caves or nocturnal food. Retain separation capacity for conspecific conflict.
- Breeding or reproduction plan
- Hormone-induced spawning and stripped aquaculture production have been documented, but this is not a safe or routine home-aquarium method; dependable natural captive spawning remains unestablished Parental care: No dependable routine aquarium brood-care information is established.
- Quarantine
- Quarantine new livestock in a separate cycled system for at least 30 days. Observe appetite, respiration, waste, skin, fins and behaviour; use dedicated equipment and never add transport water to the established aquarium.
- Welfare checks
- Maintain the stated adult space and social structure, verify feeding, and intervene early when injury, exclusion, weight loss, abnormal respiration or altered behaviour appears. An 18 cm nocturnal predator can swallow small fish after dark. Aquaculture hormone induction must not be repackaged as a casual home-breeding protocol.
- Biosecurity and release
- Never release fish, fry, eggs, aquarium water, sediment, plants or live foods into drains, dams or natural waterways. Confirm current Australian import conditions and South Australian possession, trade and movement rules before acquisition or transfer.
- Main risk
- An 18 cm nocturnal predator can swallow small fish after dark. Aquaculture hormone induction must not be repackaged as a casual home-breeding protocol.
- Adult projected load
- Project biological load from the full adult asian bumblebee catfish group, adult body mass, feeding pattern, activity and social requirement rather than juvenile sale size. An 18 cm nocturnal predator produces concentrated waste after substantial evening meals and can hide uneaten food in caves.
- Filtration
- Use mature biological filtration sized for the complete adult asian bumblebee catfish group, with guarded intakes and accessible mechanical capture. Keep flow gentle to moderate with shaded caves where the fish lives, and maintain undetectable ammonia and nitrite.
- Aeration
- Maintain reliable surface agitation and oxygen exchange at all times. Increase aeration during warm weather, medication, transport recovery, heavy feeding or any sign of rapid breathing.
- Maintenance
- Perform regular matched-water changes guided by nitrate and waste, remove uneaten food and trapped detritus, clean mechanical media without disrupting the biofilter, and record feeding, body condition, respiration and aggression.
- Overridable warnings
- Non-overridable: do not accept persistent ammonia or nitrite, oxygen distress, starvation, chronic aggression or inadequate adult space. Different equipment, stocking or maintenance methods may be used only when measured water quality and adult welfare remain equivalent or better. Do not combine with fish small enough to swallow or assume daytime inactivity means it is not feeding.
Compatibility, welfare and risk
Compatibility: Use robust fish too large to swallow and ensure they do not monopolise caves or nocturnal food. Retain separation capacity for conspecific conflict.
Welfare: Maintain the stated adult space and social structure, verify feeding, and intervene early when injury, exclusion, weight loss, abnormal respiration or altered behaviour appears. An 18 cm nocturnal predator can swallow small fish after dark. Aquaculture hormone induction must not be repackaged as a casual home-breeding protocol.
Main warning: An 18 cm nocturnal predator can swallow small fish after dark. Aquaculture hormone induction must not be repackaged as a casual home-breeding protocol.
Biosecurity and release
Never release fish, fry, eggs, aquarium water, sediment, plants or live foods into drains, dams or natural waterways. Confirm current Australian import conditions and South Australian possession, trade and movement rules before acquisition or transfer.
Sources
- Eschmeyer’s Catalog of Fishes — Pseudomystus siamensis
- Induced spawning and larval nursing of Pseudomystus siamensis
- IUCN Red List — Pseudomystus siamensis
- PIRSA — South Australian noxious fish list
- DAFF — importing live ornamental fish to Australia
- PubMed — Pseudomystus siamensis mitogenome and phylogeny
